Fracture

Globally, the incidence of fractures has increased dramatically in recent years. It is due to the fast-paced lifestyle, increased injuries and lack of exercise that leads to weak bones (Osteoporosis) and a longer life expectancy. Nearly everybody knows someone who has suffered from a bone fracture. Although fractures are a very common problem, there is not much information on how to properly treat them.

While fractures can’t be completely avoided, there are ways you can reduce your risk. A way to minimize your fracture risk is to build stronger bones, and keep them healthy.

If you are suffering from a fracture, it is important not to panic. Here are basic first aid guidelines:

First Aid:

If you suspect that a person has a fracture, follow these steps:

• Keep the patient calm and composed. Avoid unnecessary movements caused by fear or anxiety. Don’t panic.
• Examine the patient closely to determine if there are any other injuries. Seek for medical attention. If medical assistance is available immediately, take the patient to the hospital for further treatment.
• If you see a cut in the skin, you can rinse it to remove dirt and other contamination. It is best to avoid vigorously rubbing or flushing the wound.
• If there is bleeding from an injured limb, use a cotton or cloth bandage to close the wound. Do not try to locate the source of bleeding.
• Fracture can be immobilized using splints. You can use newspaper rolls, cardboard, or wood strips. It is crucial to immobilize both the injured and healthy bone.
• Ice can be used to reduce swelling and pain. Ice should not be directly applied to the skin. Apply the ice using a cloth or a polybag.
• Do not give any food or drinks to the person as it will make any emergency operations difficult.

Diagnosis and Treatment

A physical examination of the patient is required to determine if fracture has occurred

Surgery

A CT-scan, X-ray, or MRI might be recommended.

Bone fractures treatment can be broadly described as:

• Conservative treatment – This includes immobilization with plaster application/ splints, pain management, or other non-surgical stabilization.
• Surgical intervention- Common Implants used to fix fractures are
  
  1) Intramedullary nails
  
  2) Metal plates, screws and wires
  
  3) External fixators
  
  4) Prosthesis

Physiotherapy

To regain muscle strength, physiotherapy is crucial. After surgery is performed, physio plays an important role in regaining function back with a range of movement exercises and strengthening and proprioception exercises.

Common Fractures

Closed fractures tend to be more common than open ones (the skin above the injury is unharmed).

The most common fracture in children is the distal radius fracture. It usually occurs around the wrist in the radius, but does not affect the joint. Here are the most common type of fractures:

• Collarbone Fracture
• Wrist Fracture
• Ankle Fracture
• Vertebral Fracture
• Hip Fracture
• Forearm Fracture
• Shinbone Fracture

Precautionary measures for a fracture

Make sure you are taking care of your nutrition, including your calcium and vitamins. Follow all instructions and rules of your doctor. Book an appointment with Dr Ganesh for more information.